where it is tailor-made to handle wireless
link errors and possible handover disruptions [15]. M-TCP
is another split connection approach. It is based on dividing
the TCP connection between the mobile host and the fixed
host into two parts. The first is between the base station and
the fixed host, whilst the second is between the mobile host
and the base station [16]. M-TCP differs from I-TCP
because it manages to preserve the end-to-end semantics of
the TCP. In addition, M-TCP is proposed to operate on the
architecture of the underlying three levels, which are shown
in Fig. 2.