MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a family of endogenous, short noncoding RNAs that modulate posttranscriptional gene regulation. They exert their regulatory role on protein-coding gene (PCG) expression by binding to either full or partial complementary sequences primarily in the 3′ untranslated region (UTR), but also inside the coding sequence (CDS) and the 5′ UTR, of the corresponding mRNAs. Eventually, this affects mRNA stability and translation (1–3). The role of miRNAs in human cancer pathogenesis has been well established by the identification of genetic alterations in miRNA loci, miRNA expression signatures that define different neoplastic phenotypes, and numerous oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes as miRNA targets (4).