The situation in health care is similar but with one important distinction from this standard approach. This is that it is argued that there is not complete independence of the consumer’s and the supplier’s utility functions in the case of health care. The doctor gains utility from helping a patient to get better, for example, so that the patient’s health is an argument not just in the patient’s utility function but also in the doctor’s utility function. And of course, there may be other arguments in the patient’s utility function that are common to the doctor’s utility function (and just which these might be is another important aspect of the discussion of what constitutes the perfect agent).