Gain information from interviews and discussions with students, teachers, and parents
Need to know their specific prerequisite knowledge: where are they in their knowledge of that stuff that is in the boxes above where we drew the line (where instruction begins). What parts of our curriculum do they know before they start our instruction.
After task analysis the designer can determine particular knowledge and skill within the curriculum that learners might have retained from a good general science course or obtained informally from reading things like Popular Science.