6.2. Functional analysis of the processes
The primary mission of a network of feeding in drinking water is to provide the following functions:
• Production: it is done from the abstraction of groundwater or river water, depending on the resource opportunities
and needs.
• Storage: it is done in tanks on a hill for gravity feeding of a part or a whole of the city. The role of these structures
is both to store a volume to continue the distribution in the event of interruption of production, and to allow for the
adjustment for cheaper and more interesting pumping (buffer effect). They provide a way to limit the risk of failure
[3,5,9].
• Distribution it is done from reservoirs by meshed networks usually equipped with various shut-off valves to
increase the safety and to avoid service interruptions during repairs.
Water is brought to the consumer by individual connections.
These three functions are modelled in the following by flow transforming activities or processes, themselves
decomposed into sub activities and control measures representing flows contributing to the transforming activity.
We complete this functional modelling by elements of organic modelling (below)