immediate vicinity of the cation are almost
‘frozen’ at their preferred orientation.”
“At distances farther away from the center
of the cation, the electric field is not so strong.
Hence, the influence on the orientation of the
water molecules is weaker. In this region there
is a competition between the natural structure
of water and the ordering effect of the electric
field. The water molecules in this region
get ‘confused’ and do not ‘know’ how to
orient themselves. This confusion, resulting
from two conflicting forces, produces almost
total chaos.