The study was able to reconcile sources of approximately 75% of the currently reported packaging Community Partnerships in Integrated Sustainable Waste Management 7
Chapter 1. Introduction
1.1 The readers of this document
This document is designed to provide decision-makers with information on involving communities as partners in an integrated
sustainable waste management strategy and programme. In it we aim to illustrate:
• How communities can be mobilised to take a larger role in service provision by adopting a participatory approach.
• How the local authority can provide support to communities to become reliable and effective service providers.
• The kinds of tools that are available to assess initiatives and proposals initiated by representatives from civil society or by
municipal staff, and how to use them in partnership with communities.
This document is addressed to the politicians and the professionals who occupy senior positions of responsibility in city
management, who have responsibility for decision-making on a range of waste issues, including waste collection and disposal;
health; health education; community development and support for small, micro and community-based enterprises.
The subject area ‘community partnerships in waste management’ is related to some other key words: public participation, capacity
building and empowerment. It provides a channel for information exchange between the local authority and the community. It also
enables the community to influence the waste management planning process under the leadership of the local authority.
Participation will build communication and leadership capacities in community members.
1.2 What is in this document
After this introductory chapter, Chapter 2 presents the stakeholders in waste management in the local community. Chapter 3
discusses raising awareness and sensitivity in the community, and broadening the understanding and appreciation of the
importance of waste management. Chapter 4 is the conclusion, and the final section presents additional resources for information
and ideas.
1.3 Changing responsibilities in urban waste management
Traditionally and ideally the local authority has been the sole provider of waste services. It provided all the elements of the waste
management system: the physical and intellectual infrastructure; the institutional framework and the daily operation of services. This
ideal functions imperfectly in the South, where the local authority often can only provide waste services to a relatively small section
of the central business and residential area, while lower and middle class neighbourhoods and areas outside of the centre have few
or no services. In the South, structural adjustment and fiscal discipline are imposing strict limits on government expenditure, which
restricts the expansion of conventional services to these areas. At the same time that the expanding urban population is demanding
traditional and new services, the local authorities are less and less able to provide them.
The local authorities are generally aware of the health risks and environmental problems caused by inadequate waste management.
At the same time they are looking for new ways to share their traditional responsibilities in these areas with neighbourhood
communities, micro- and small enterprises (MSEs), large private entrepreneurs and industries, hospitals, schools and other
stakeholders. Increasingly, the local authority seeks to mobilise the human and financial resources of these actors in order to
develop an adequate system of waste services.
1.4 Benefits of partnerships with community actors
We advocate a participatory approach to actors who have a stake in local waste management, as experience from the Urban Waste
Expertise Programme and from related development fields has shown that an intensive process of consultation with the actors8 Community Partnerships in Integrated Sustainable Waste Management
concerned is likely to result in sustainable, widely supported activities. Partnerships with community actors have a number of
specific benefits, some of which are listed below:
The study was able to reconcile sources of approximately 75% of the currently reported packaging Community Partnerships in Integrated Sustainable Waste Management 7Chapter 1. Introduction1.1 The readers of this documentThis document is designed to provide decision-makers with information on involving communities as partners in an integrated sustainable waste management strategy and programme. In it we aim to illustrate:• How communities can be mobilised to take a larger role in service provision by adopting a participatory approach.• How the local authority can provide support to communities to become reliable and effective service providers.• The kinds of tools that are available to assess initiatives and proposals initiated by representatives from civil society or bymunicipal staff, and how to use them in partnership with communities.This document is addressed to the politicians and the professionals who occupy senior positions of responsibility in city management, who have responsibility for decision-making on a range of waste issues, including waste collection and disposal;health; health education; community development and support for small, micro and community-based enterprises. The subject area ‘community partnerships in waste management’ is related to some other key words: public participation, capacitybuilding and empowerment. It provides a channel for information exchange between the local authority and the community. It alsoenables the community to influence the waste management planning process under the leadership of the local authority.Participation will build communication and leadership capacities in community members.1.2 What is in this documentAfter this introductory chapter, Chapter 2 presents the stakeholders in waste management in the local community. Chapter 3discusses raising awareness and sensitivity in the community, and broadening the understanding and appreciation of theimportance of waste management. Chapter 4 is the conclusion, and the final section presents additional resources for information and ideas.1.3 Changing responsibilities in urban waste managementTraditionally and ideally the local authority has been the sole provider of waste services. It provided all the elements of the wastemanagement system: the physical and intellectual infrastructure; the institutional framework and the daily operation of services. Thisideal functions imperfectly in the South, where the local authority often can only provide waste services to a relatively small sectionof the central business and residential area, while lower and middle class neighbourhoods and areas outside of the centre have fewor no services. In the South, structural adjustment and fiscal discipline are imposing strict limits on government expenditure, whichrestricts the expansion of conventional services to these areas. At the same time that the expanding urban population is demandingtraditional and new services, the local authorities are less and less able to provide them.The local authorities are generally aware of the health risks and environmental problems caused by inadequate waste management.At the same time they are looking for new ways to share their traditional responsibilities in these areas with neighbourhoodcommunities, micro- and small enterprises (MSEs), large private entrepreneurs and industries, hospitals, schools and otherstakeholders. Increasingly, the local authority seeks to mobilise the human and financial resources of these actors in order todevelop an adequate system of waste services. 1.4 Benefits of partnerships with community actorsWe advocate a participatory approach to actors who have a stake in local waste management, as experience from the Urban WasteExpertise Programme and from related development fields has shown that an intensive process of consultation with the actors8 Community Partnerships in Integrated Sustainable Waste Managementconcerned is likely to result in sustainable, widely supported activities. Partnerships with community actors have a number of specific benefits, some of which are listed below:
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