However, in the ammonia case, there don't appear to be any hydroxide ions!
You can get around this by saying that the ammonia reacts with the water it is dissolved in to produce ammonium ions and hydroxide ions:
This is a reversible reaction, and in a typical dilute ammonia solution, about 99% of the ammonia remains as ammonia molecules. Nevertheless, there are hydroxide ions there, and we can squeeze this into the Arrhenius theory.
However, this same reaction also happens between ammonia gas and hydrogen chloride gas.
In this case, there aren't any hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions in solution - because there isn't any solution. The Arrhenius theory wouldn't count this as an acid-base reaction, despite the fact that it is producing the same product as when the two substances were in solution. That's silly!
However, in the ammonia case, there don't appear to be any hydroxide ions!You can get around this by saying that the ammonia reacts with the water it is dissolved in to produce ammonium ions and hydroxide ions: This is a reversible reaction, and in a typical dilute ammonia solution, about 99% of the ammonia remains as ammonia molecules. Nevertheless, there are hydroxide ions there, and we can squeeze this into the Arrhenius theory.However, this same reaction also happens between ammonia gas and hydrogen chloride gas. In this case, there aren't any hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions in solution - because there isn't any solution. The Arrhenius theory wouldn't count this as an acid-base reaction, despite the fact that it is producing the same product as when the two substances were in solution. That's silly!
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
