plays in our lives. From the beauty of natural waterways teeming
with wildlife, to the vital livelihoods that clean rivers and
streams support, to the essential role that safe water plays in
drinking water and health – good water quality is fundamental
to the network of life and livelihood that water supports.
Water is the source of life on earth, and human civilizations
blossomed where there was reliable and clean freshwater.
Use of water by humans – for drinking, washing, and
recreation – requires water free from biological, chemical,
and physical sources of contamination. Plants, animals, and
the habitats that support biological diversity also need clean
water. Water of a certain quality is needed to grow food, to
power cities, and to run industries.
Water quality is as important as water quantity for satisfying
basic human and environmental needs, yet it has received
far less investment, scientific support, and public attention
in recent decades than water quantity, even though the two
INTRODUCTION
issues are closely linked. As part of the effort to improve
water quality, the United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP) is supporting educational efforts around the world
to call attention to water quality challenges and solutions.
This summary assessment is part of those efforts and
synthesizes existing data from many public databases and
published reports.
Part 1 of the report provides an overview of current major
water quality contaminants and the human activities that
affect water quality. Part 2 details the impacts that poor
water quality has on the environment, human health, and
vulnerable communities, and quantifies the economic
costs of poor water quality. Part 3 of the report offers
insights into specific solutions available to address water
quality problems, and Part 4 explores the wide range of
mechanisms through which the solutions can be achieved.
Part 5 details key recommendations to improve and protect
water quality for the international community, national
governments, communities and households.
plays in our lives. From the beauty of natural waterways teeming
with wildlife, to the vital livelihoods that clean rivers and
streams support, to the essential role that safe water plays in
drinking water and health – good water quality is fundamental
to the network of life and livelihood that water supports.
Water is the source of life on earth, and human civilizations
blossomed where there was reliable and clean freshwater.
Use of water by humans – for drinking, washing, and
recreation – requires water free from biological, chemical,
and physical sources of contamination. Plants, animals, and
the habitats that support biological diversity also need clean
water. Water of a certain quality is needed to grow food, to
power cities, and to run industries.
Water quality is as important as water quantity for satisfying
basic human and environmental needs, yet it has received
far less investment, scientific support, and public attention
in recent decades than water quantity, even though the two
INTRODUCTION
issues are closely linked. As part of the effort to improve
water quality, the United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP) is supporting educational efforts around the world
to call attention to water quality challenges and solutions.
This summary assessment is part of those efforts and
synthesizes existing data from many public databases and
published reports.
Part 1 of the report provides an overview of current major
water quality contaminants and the human activities that
affect water quality. Part 2 details the impacts that poor
water quality has on the environment, human health, and
vulnerable communities, and quantifies the economic
costs of poor water quality. Part 3 of the report offers
insights into specific solutions available to address water
quality problems, and Part 4 explores the wide range of
mechanisms through which the solutions can be achieved.
Part 5 details key recommendations to improve and protect
water quality for the international community, national
governments, communities and households.
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