Mazda is a Japanese company, it uses financial instruments and exchange law of Japan and its related accounting regulations, and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in Japan (“Japanese GAAP”), which are different in certain respects as to application and disclosure requirements from International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). These are sometimes described as convenience translation. A company may prepare a convenience translation as part of a public relation and marketing exercise. It usually includes the relevant amounts in yen, and translates the yen amounts into US dollars using the appropriate year-end exchange rate. The report normally emphasizes that the company has translated the yen amounts into dollars solely the convenience of the reader outside Japan, which does not imply that they actually have been, or could be, translated into dollars.