Cerebral Cortex
Thought , voluntary movement , language, reasoning and perception are the major functions of the cerebral cortex.
Cortex literally means "bark" (of a tree) in latin and is so termed because it is a sheet of tissue that makes up the outer layer of the brain.
The thickness of the cerebral cortex is between 2 to 6 mm. The right and left sides of the cerebral cortex are connected by a thick band of nerve fibers called the "corpus callosum."
The cortex has numerous grooves and bumps to increase its surface area. A bump or bulge on the cortex is called a gyrus (the plural of the word gyrus is "gyri") and a groove is called a sulcus (the plural of the word sulcus is "sulci").
Cerebellum
The major functions of the cerebellum are maintenance of movement, balance and posture. The word "cerebellum" comes from the Latin word for "little brain." It is divided into two parts or hemispheres and has a cortex that covers the hemispheres.