agency cost. In order to solve this problem, the managers hire an external auditor to reduce agency cost.
One of the major public concerns which has emerged from the numerous accounting scandals have been the
extent to which audit firms are providing non-audit services (NAS) to their audit clients. Beattie and Fearnley
(2010) provided evidence that fees generated from non-audit services is increased rapidly even more than audit
fees itself, which may compromise the independence of external auditor. Based on this, the current study tries to
answer the following question: