Alteration, transformation, and initiation of chemical changes within the soil
Several chemical processes affect the concentration, specific form, rate of transport, and ease of removal of inorganic substances from the subsurface. These processes include
(1) chemical speciation,
(2) oxidation/reduction,
(3) dissolution and precipitation of solid phases,
(4) ion exchange and adsorption onto the soil matrix, and (5) transport of particles in the subsurface.