Cakes with E1 displayed similar volume and crumb structure as cakes with L1 and control cakes.
In sponge cake batters, the air incorporated into the aqueous phase is stabilised by surface-active components, predominantly by proteins and perhaps by some contribution from polar lipids that are naturally present in the egg and the flour. When a sufficient concentration of emulsifier is present to completely replace the protein molecules, the bubbles decrease in size and have a more uniform appearance Therefore, the crumb structure displayed an improvement when E1 was incorporated.