In Experiment 1, fingerlings were stocked into 18-L aquaria at a density
of 10 fish per aquarium. Aquaria contained 10 L of aerated water;
starting on the second day, 50% of the water was exchanged daily.
Five aquaria were used to assess 4-d survival for each of the two waters:
one negative control and four replicate aquaria. Fish in one replicate
tank of each water were used to measure adhesion of bacteria to gills
24 h after challenge. Water temperatures averaged 19.1 °C and
dissolved oxygen averaged 8.7 mg/L throughout the experiment.