Mangroves are found along coastlines in tropical areas and supporting ecosystem services, including fisheries production and nutrient cycle. Rapid loss of vegetated coastal ecosystems through land-use change has occurred for centuries, and has accelerated in recent decades. Causes of habitat conversion vary globally and include conversion to aquaculture, agriculture, forest over-exploitation, industrial use, upstream dams, dredging, eutrophication of overlying waters, urban development, and conversion to open water due to accelerated sea-level rise and subsidence [1]. The role of mangrove ecosystems are not only limited to the physical and biological functions but also are critical to the social and economic functioning of the communities surrounding them.
Mangroves are found along coastlines in tropical areas and supporting ecosystem services, including fisheries production and nutrient cycle. Rapid loss of vegetated coastal ecosystems through land-use change has occurred for centuries, and has accelerated in recent decades. Causes of habitat conversion vary globally and include conversion to aquaculture, agriculture, forest over-exploitation, industrial use, upstream dams, dredging, eutrophication of overlying waters, urban development, and conversion to open water due to accelerated sea-level rise and subsidence [1]. The role of mangrove ecosystems are not only limited to the physical and biological functions but also are critical to the social and economic functioning of the communities surrounding them.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..