The aim of the present research was to advance an empiricallybased
and theoretically-m eaningful framing of the fear of missing
out phenomenon. To this end, we designed and conducted three
studies. In the first, we developed a self-report assessment that
measure d the FoMO construct as an individual difference. In the
second, we explored how fear of missing out constellates with a
range of demogra phic and individua l differenc e factors linked to
social media engagement. In the third, we examine d its emotional
and behavioral correlate s.
In Study 1, we collected data from a large and diverse international
sample of participa nts in order to create a robust individual
differenc es measure of FoMO. Guided by extant writing about fear
of missing out we drafted a pool of statements reflecting FoMO and
used a data driven approach to select representative items with the
best psychometri c properties. Our aim in this first study was to
create a sensitive self-repo rt instrument, one that is informative
for individuals with low, medium, and high latent levels of fear
of missing out, and one that is useful for measuring FoMO in a wide
range of research contexts.
In Study 2, we recruited a nationally representat ive sample to
empirica lly evaluate fear of missing out from a broad perspecti ve.
This study was conducted with two aims in mind. First, we aimed
to investiga te demographic variability in FoMO, to explore who in
the general population tended towards fear of missing out. Our
second goal was to evaluate FoMO as a mediating factor linking
individua l differenc es identified in past motivation and social media
research to behavioral engagement with social media.
In Study 3, we shifted focus from large-scal e samples to a university
cohort to fine-grained understand ing of how FoMO related
to emotion and behavior. In particular , our goal for this study was
to understand how those high in fear of missing out felt about their
social media usage, how frequent ly they used social media, and the
extent to which FoMO enables social media as a distractor from
other important responsibilities in everyday life.
The aim of the present research was to advance an empiricallybasedand theoretically-m eaningful framing of the fear of missingout phenomenon. To this end, we designed and conducted threestudies. In the first, we developed a self-report assessment thatmeasure d the FoMO construct as an individual difference. In thesecond, we explored how fear of missing out constellates with arange of demogra phic and individua l differenc e factors linked tosocial media engagement. In the third, we examine d its emotionaland behavioral correlate s.In Study 1, we collected data from a large and diverse internationalsample of participa nts in order to create a robust individualdifferenc es measure of FoMO. Guided by extant writing about fearof missing out we drafted a pool of statements reflecting FoMO andused a data driven approach to select representative items with thebest psychometri c properties. Our aim in this first study was tocreate a sensitive self-repo rt instrument, one that is informativefor individuals with low, medium, and high latent levels of fearof missing out, and one that is useful for measuring FoMO in a widerange of research contexts.In Study 2, we recruited a nationally representat ive sample toempirica lly evaluate fear of missing out from a broad perspecti ve.This study was conducted with two aims in mind. First, we aimedto investiga te demographic variability in FoMO, to explore who inthe general population tended towards fear of missing out. Our
second goal was to evaluate FoMO as a mediating factor linking
individua l differenc es identified in past motivation and social media
research to behavioral engagement with social media.
In Study 3, we shifted focus from large-scal e samples to a university
cohort to fine-grained understand ing of how FoMO related
to emotion and behavior. In particular , our goal for this study was
to understand how those high in fear of missing out felt about their
social media usage, how frequent ly they used social media, and the
extent to which FoMO enables social media as a distractor from
other important responsibilities in everyday life.
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