Most notably, the latest edition of API RP 578 makes clear that all oil and petrochemical facilities owner/users are now required to implement an effective Material Verification Program (MVP). It also recommends Positive Material Identification (PMI) strategies for ferrous and nonferrous alloys during the construction, installation, maintenance, and inspection of new and existing process equipment, as appropriate. It applies to metallic materials purchased for use either directly by the owner/user or indirectly through distributors, fabricators or contractors, and includes the supply, fabrication, and installation of these materials. Ensuring the integrity of all oil and gas assets – not just alloy piping systems – minimizes corporate risk by further mitigating the release of hazardous substances that can result from nonconforming materials of construction.