Goals refer to the general intention for learning the task. Input refers to the
data that forms the point of departure for the task. Activities indicate what students
will actually perform with the input. Teacher’s role and the student’s role refer to the
social and interpersonal relationship between students and teachers in a task. Settings
refer to the classroom arrangement affecting interaction which entails in the task, such
as pair work or group work. Nunan believes that specification of all these components
are needed when selecting, adapting, modifying and creating communicative tasks.