solar eclipse happens when the Moon is in a straight line between the Sun and the Erath.
the moon block some light from the sun to the erath and a shadow fall on the erath.
solar eclipe can be seen or experienced by the part of the erath that is having daytime.
when the moon block the sun it produces a shadow with 2 region penumbra and umbra.
the part of the erath that is in the umbra region experiences total eclipse.