These differences in the use of preposition between Thai and English may result in the incorrect use of English preposition for Thai students. Moreover, contrary to prepositions of time, place, and direction, prepositions after some verbs and adjectives are rather arbitrary and cannot be explained by explicit rules. The source of input can add more difficulty to ESL/EFL learners due to the language variation of English native speakers to whom the learners are exposed (Celce-Murcia & LarsenFreeman, 1999). For example, an English native speaker may say “go out to lunch,” while another may say “go out for lunch.”
Kao (2001) distinguishes pseudo-prepositions from genuine prepositions, explaining that the former type (as in rely on, or wait for) is only dummy grammatical forms and has no real meaning in the sentence, while the latter type may be used to show spatial relations or movements between words in a sentence (as in on/under/near/ beside the desk or went in/toward/through/by the building) and the change of one preposition to another will essentially change the meaning. Since pseudo-prepositions are arbitrary and have no form-meaning relationship, Kao asserts that these prepositions are hard to learn and usually take quite a long time to learn because learners need to rely heavily on their memorization and storage. Kao’s study (2001) suggests that formal instruction could improve learners’ performance of these language features.
These differences in the use of preposition between Thai and English may result in the incorrect use of English preposition for Thai students. Moreover, contrary to prepositions of time, place, and direction, prepositions after some verbs and adjectives are rather arbitrary and cannot be explained by explicit rules. The source of input can add more difficulty to ESL/EFL learners due to the language variation of English native speakers to whom the learners are exposed (Celce-Murcia & LarsenFreeman, 1999). For example, an English native speaker may say “go out to lunch,” while another may say “go out for lunch.”Kao (2001) distinguishes pseudo-prepositions from genuine prepositions, explaining that the former type (as in rely on, or wait for) is only dummy grammatical forms and has no real meaning in the sentence, while the latter type may be used to show spatial relations or movements between words in a sentence (as in on/under/near/ beside the desk or went in/toward/through/by the building) and the change of one preposition to another will essentially change the meaning. Since pseudo-prepositions are arbitrary and have no form-meaning relationship, Kao asserts that these prepositions are hard to learn and usually take quite a long time to learn because learners need to rely heavily on their memorization and storage. Kao’s study (2001) suggests that formal instruction could improve learners’ performance of these language features.
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