On the apology of engineering, I would like to stress that the applications of its methods to the social sciences in the name of progress have lead to economic and human disasters (see Joseph Stiglitz's Whither Socialism? for a description of some of the arrogant uses of engineering methods in economic policy). The critics of my position resemble the Marxist defenders of a more "scientific" society who seized the day in the 1960s, who portrayed Frederick von Hayek as backward and "unscientific." I hold that, in economics and the social sciences, engineering has been the science of misplaced and misdirected concreteness. Perhaps old John Maynard Keynes had the insight of the problem when he wrote: "To convert a model into a quantitative formula is to destroy its usefulness as an instrument of thought.