International transportation of horses has facilitated EP propagation from endemic to non-endemic areas and impacted the
economy due to subsequent limitations on such transportation. Therefore, accurate detection of infected carriers is of utmost importance. Several assays, such as the complement fixation test (CFT), indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), have been employed in T. equi diagnostics .