Perceived stress is defined as the degree to
which situations in one’s life are appraised as
unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloading
(Cohen, Kamarachi, & Mermelstein, 1983). One’s
global perceived stress level has been shown to
impact negative life events and influence depressive
symptoms as outcomes (Wang & Patten,
2001). Kuiper, Olinger, and Lyons (1986