Results
There were 1290 individuals seen in SMAs during the
course of the study (Table 1). One thousand two hundred
eighty-eight (99.8%) had at least one A1c level, and 1170
(90.7%) individuals had at least one A1c level collected
both before and after attendance at an SMA for the first
time. The sample was predominantly (96%) male, middle
aged or older mean (±1 SD) age of 62.6 (±9.09) years, and
African American. The mean (±1 SD) Diabetes Severity
Index was ±3.01.
We first conducted an independent samples t-test using
aggregate data for the entire period—up to 810 days preand
post-SMA attendance for all patients who had at least
one A1c pre- and post-SMA (n = 1170). This showed significant
reduction in A1c levels (delta = 0.54, p < 0.001),
between subjects pre- and post-SMA. We then conducted
paired t-tests for patients who had at least one A1c measurement
in the 180-day period preceding and the 180-
day period following their first SMA appointment (n =
815). Because most patients were identified for participation
based on high levels of A1c, we conducted subgroup
analyses with patients who had two or more A1c