The results of this study clearly show that a reduction of unwanted
food processing contaminants is possible with HPTS compared to thermal
retorting with an equal F0 of 7 min. Furthermore, this techniquemight be a means by which a better overall quality can be achieved in
foods. This is even the case for sterilization conditions at 121 °C and
600 MPa.
More importantly than a reduction of FPCs from a food technologist's
point of view is the availability of a safe, spore and pathogenic microorganism
free product with a long shelf life.
The results show that the G. stearothermophilus is unsuitable as
an indicator for the HPTS since the B. amyloliquefaciens is more
pressure–temperature resistant. The modeled inactivation kinetics
also indicate that economical dwell times (≤10 min) could have been
reached with the temperature–pressure combination of 107–115 °C,
600 MPa. Although more research must be conducted in the future to
verify these findings.
At this point, the process most suitable for the sterilization of the
tested food system with pressures being 600 MPa is the PATS
(121.1 °C, 600 MPa). Since it is the only certified process and as the
data sets depict, PATS can guarantee a safe and sterile product with
dwell times of 7 min, which equals an F0-value of 7 min, and also reduces
the amounts of FPCs in comparison to the retorting. In comparison
to the G. stearothermophilus and also compared to other tested spore
strains (Margosch et al., 2004; Olivier et al., 2011) B. amyloliquefaciens
might can become a suitable microorganism for the HPTS. This could
lead to the implementation of this promising process within the food
industry.
The advantages of PATS are the short heating times due to the additional
compression heating, the isobaric and isothermal conditions during
the holding time and the cooling effect after decompression due to
the loss of the compression heating (Fig. 9).
All these factors mentioned cater for a reduced thermal load in comparison
to the retorted samples which leads to less FPCs formed in the
food and therefore to a better quality even for equal F0-values. It could
be possible to create individual treatment conditions to obtain the
best results possible for each food system. The data clearly indicate
that HPTS can result in lower processing times needed and thus in an
overall higher product quality and reduced formation of FPCs such as
furan and MCPD-esters.
For the future, more research needs to be carried out with other food
systems under the same conditions. The construction of a system that
can cope with high pressures and high temperatures needs to be driven
on to a pilot scale and an industrial scale level to ensure homogenous
temperature distribution in vessel and product.
The results of this study clearly show that a reduction of unwantedfood processing contaminants is possible with HPTS compared to thermalretorting with an equal F0 of 7 min. Furthermore, this techniquemight be a means by which a better overall quality can be achieved infoods. This is even the case for sterilization conditions at 121 °C and600 MPa.More importantly than a reduction of FPCs from a food technologist'spoint of view is the availability of a safe, spore and pathogenic microorganismfree product with a long shelf life.The results show that the G. stearothermophilus is unsuitable asan indicator for the HPTS since the B. amyloliquefaciens is morepressure–temperature resistant. The modeled inactivation kineticsalso indicate that economical dwell times (≤10 min) could have beenreached with the temperature–pressure combination of 107–115 °C,600 MPa. Although more research must be conducted in the future toverify these findings.At this point, the process most suitable for the sterilization of thetested food system with pressures being 600 MPa is the PATS(121.1 °C, 600 MPa). Since it is the only certified process and as thedata sets depict, PATS can guarantee a safe and sterile product withdwell times of 7 min, which equals an F0-value of 7 min, and also reducesthe amounts of FPCs in comparison to the retorting. In comparisonto the G. stearothermophilus and also compared to other tested sporestrains (Margosch et al., 2004; Olivier et al., 2011) B. amyloliquefaciensmight can become a suitable microorganism for the HPTS. This couldlead to the implementation of this promising process within the foodindustry.The advantages of PATS are the short heating times due to the additionalcompression heating, the isobaric and isothermal conditions duringthe holding time and the cooling effect after decompression due tothe loss of the compression heating (Fig. 9).All these factors mentioned cater for a reduced thermal load in comparisonto the retorted samples which leads to less FPCs formed in thefood and therefore to a better quality even for equal F0-values. It couldbe possible to create individual treatment conditions to obtain thebest results possible for each food system. The data clearly indicatethat HPTS can result in lower processing times needed and thus in anoverall higher product quality and reduced formation of FPCs such asfuran and MCPD-esters.For the future, more research needs to be carried out with other foodsystems under the same conditions. The construction of a system thatcan cope with high pressures and high temperatures needs to be drivenon to a pilot scale and an industrial scale level to ensure homogenoustemperature distribution in vessel and product.
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