Methods: Data were collected from 190 adults aged 23e45 with type 2 diabetes mellitus who visited the
endocrinology outpatient department of the two university hospitals in South Korea from November 2,
2012 to March 7, 2013. Data collection used the structured questionnaires and patient medical records.
The descriptive and correlation statistics were analyzed using PASW 18.0 and structural equation
modeling procedure was performed using the AMOS 18.0 program