Yet, these significant efforts to change the trajectory of IUU fishing will
fail to achieve results if unaccompanied by coercive regulation designed to
combat actors who have no intention of making any investment in sustainable
fish or the communities that rely upon these limited and precious resources.306
It is essential that this generation increase the business risks of IUU fishing,
particularly for those criminal actors who profit handsomely from a lack of
meaningful deterrents. Forfeitures of ships and relatively high fines are
insufficient to change the behavior of inveterate criminal networks that are
prepared to absorb financial losses.307 Only two possible outcomes will stop
these groups: a lack of fish or a credible fear of actual incarceration.