UNESCO acknowledges that many families want and expect their children to become profi cient in L1 and
to become bilingual or multilingual, whether they are developing typically or have learning diffi culties
or developmental disorders. Th e current report provides an overview of research on some of the more
pressing questions that policy-makers must consider in deciding how best to support children’s rights to
mother tongue education, equitable opportunities for academic achievement, and parents’ goals for their
children’s language acquisition.