by Celeste et al(1984) and Behrens (1989), with others, including Sproles (1985), advocating twice-daily treatment. Trigueiro (1983) asserted that: ‘the more a pin site is handled, manipulated or prodded, the greater the possibility of irritation’. However, a study by W-Dahl et al (2003) showed no difference between weekly and daily pin site care, in terms of frequency or severity of infection. The National Association of Orthopaedic Nurses (NAON) recommended
that for sites with a mechanically stable bone pin interface, pin site care should be performed on a daily or weekly basis, after the first 48-72 hours