The term language learning strategy has been defined by many researchers. Wenden and Rubin
(1987:19) define learning strategies as "... any sets of operations, steps, plans, routines used by thelearner to facilitate the obtaining, storage, retrieval, and use of information." Richards and Platt
(1992:209) state that learning strategies are "intentional behavior and thoughts used by learners during
learning so as to better help them understand, learn, or remember new information." Faerch Claus and
Casper (1983:67) stress that a learning strategy is "an attempt to develop linguistic and sociolinguistic
competence in the target language." According to Stern (1992:261), "the concept of learning strategy
is dependent on the assumption that learners consciously engage in activities to achieve certain goals
and learning strategies can be regarded as broadly conceived intentional directions and learning
techniques." All language learners use language learning strategies either consciously or
unconsciously when processing new information and performing tasks in the language classroom.
Since language classroom is like a problemsolving
environment in which language learners are likely
to face new input and difficult tasks given by their instructors, learners' attempts to find the quickest
or easiest way to do what is required, that is, using language learning strategies is inescapable.
Language learning strategies language learners use during the act of processing the new information
and performing tasks have been identified and described by researchers. In the following section, how
various researchers have categorized language learning strategies will be shortly summarized:
The term language learning strategy has been defined by many researchers. Wenden and Rubin(1987:19) define learning strategies as "... any sets of operations, steps, plans, routines used by thelearner to facilitate the obtaining, storage, retrieval, and use of information." Richards and Platt(1992:209) state that learning strategies are "intentional behavior and thoughts used by learners duringlearning so as to better help them understand, learn, or remember new information." Faerch Claus andCasper (1983:67) stress that a learning strategy is "an attempt to develop linguistic and sociolinguisticcompetence in the target language." According to Stern (1992:261), "the concept of learning strategyis dependent on the assumption that learners consciously engage in activities to achieve certain goalsand learning strategies can be regarded as broadly conceived intentional directions and learningtechniques." All language learners use language learning strategies either consciously orunconsciously when processing new information and performing tasks in the language classroom.Since language classroom is like a problemsolvingenvironment in which language learners are likelyto face new input and difficult tasks given by their instructors, learners' attempts to find the quickestor easiest way to do what is required, that is, using language learning strategies is inescapable.Language learning strategies language learners use during the act of processing the new informationand performing tasks have been identified and described by researchers. In the following section, howvarious researchers have categorized language learning strategies will be shortly summarized:
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