The potential increase of the peak electricity demand triggeredby the ambient warming is also high. Existing studies show that thepeak electricity demand increases from 0.45% to 4.6% per degree ofambient temperature rise. This corresponds to a penalty of about21 (±10.4) W per degree of temperature rise per person.In order to reduce the specific impact of urban heat island andglobal overheating on electricity consumption, buildings and urbanstructures have to be adapted to the specific climatic conditions.The development of low energy or close to zero energy buildingsmay reduce significantly the energy needs and thus the result-ing stress to the utilities and the consumers [39]. In parallel, thedevelopment and use of advanced urban adaptation and mitiga-tion techniques and technologies with the potential to decreasethe ambient temperatures in cities, may also reduce considerablyurban temperatures [40,41]. The mix of the urban adaptation andmitigation techniques and technologies needs to be differentiatedper urban area as it depends on the inflection point of the urbanarea concerned.