A DCT Cognitive Developmental Hypothesis
Cognitive growth according to DCT is based on multiple learning processes of
observation, classical conditioning, operant learning, and imitation. It involves
progressive elaboration of cognitive representations and processes from a
nonverbal base to dual coding systems that include language as well. The salient
stages are identified in the following hypothesis (from Paivio, 1971, p. 438). Dual
coding development begins with the formation of a substrate of nonverbal
representations and imagery derived from the child’s observations and behaviors
related to concrete objects and events, and relations among them. Language builds
upon this foundation and remains functionally connected to it as referential
connections are being formed, so that the child responds to object names in the
presence or absence of the objects, and begins to name and describe them (even in
their absence). The events, relations, and behaviors are dynamically organized
(repeated with variations) and thereby display natural syntax that gets incorporated
into the imagery as well. The natural syntax is enriched by motor components
derived from the child’s actions, which have their own patterning. This basic stage
becomes elaborated as function words are acquired and intraverbal networks
expand through usage. Abstract verbal skills are eventually attained, so that
language becomes relatively autonomous, free of dependence on situational
contexts and imagery.
A DCT Cognitive Developmental Hypothesis
Cognitive growth according to DCT is based on multiple learning processes of
observation, classical conditioning, operant learning, and imitation. It involves
progressive elaboration of cognitive representations and processes from a
nonverbal base to dual coding systems that include language as well. The salient
stages are identified in the following hypothesis (from Paivio, 1971, p. 438). Dual
coding development begins with the formation of a substrate of nonverbal
representations and imagery derived from the child’s observations and behaviors
related to concrete objects and events, and relations among them. Language builds
upon this foundation and remains functionally connected to it as referential
connections are being formed, so that the child responds to object names in the
presence or absence of the objects, and begins to name and describe them (even in
their absence). The events, relations, and behaviors are dynamically organized
(repeated with variations) and thereby display natural syntax that gets incorporated
into the imagery as well. The natural syntax is enriched by motor components
derived from the child’s actions, which have their own patterning. This basic stage
becomes elaborated as function words are acquired and intraverbal networks
expand through usage. Abstract verbal skills are eventually attained, so that
language becomes relatively autonomous, free of dependence on situational
contexts and imagery.
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