Even today in the 21st century, lead-acid batteries share about 50% of the rechargeable batteries market. Though lead-acid systems were studied and developed over 150 years, research continues to enhance their performance in terms of rate capability, stability, cycle life and durability . In this study, we demonstrate mod- ifications in flooded lead-acid start light ignition (SLI) batteries. The standard use of SLI flooded batteries is based on very shallow depth