LOCAL TREATMENT
Mild pain can be abolished by application of ice packs over the site of sting.
Severe excruciating local pain can be transiently relieved by lignocaine (without adrenaline) using ring block. However, oral diazepam and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with lignocaine block can give prolonged relief from pain. Keeping patient calm, applying pressings and ice packs to the sting site decrease the absorption of venom. Incision at the site of sting or tourniquet application is not advisable at all.
Patients suspected of envenomation should be hospitalized for at least 12 hours and observed for cardiovascular and neurological sequelae.
Stings of nonlethal species require at most ice packs, analgesics and antihistamines.