Transparency has two main dimensions: predictability andsimplification (Helble et al., 2009; Lejarraga & Shepherd, 2013).Recently, accountability has become another key factor to con-sider in transparency. Indeed, transparency is considered by Smitheand Smith (2006) as the minimal standard for accountability. Inthe context of international trade, predictability diminishes therisks to do business abroad. Any unexpected procedure, quota orcertificate; any substantial change in the tariff rate applied; anyunpredictable aspect, rule, regulation, taxes or laws are all justsome examples of non-transparent practices that mean restrictionsfor trading abroad. Examples of simplification within transparencycan include: minimizing the number of documents required totrade; increasing the speed and flexibility of getting import per-missions; easing the requirements for compliance to trade abroad;and harmonizing procedures along the trade chain from producersto end clients and through any service providers. Accountability inthe context of international trade is about the capacity to executethe right to make the different entities responsible; the capacity toagree warranties in contracts.