However, all the above-mentioned studies were carried out
considering the bacteria as unicellular life forms. Direct observation of a wide variety of natural habitats has established that the
99% of microbes persist attached to surfaces within a structured
biofilm ecosystem and not as free-floating organisms[11]. Today
it is well-known the prevalence of biofilms in chronic infections
and on medical implants. Bacteria that form biofilms can withstand host immune responses and are much more resistant to
antibiotics than their counterpart planktonic bacteria. This effect
is due to protective features of the film such as impedance against
diffusion and favorable environment within the film