Introduction
It has long been recognized that individuals within orga-
nizations work beyond their formal contracts (Fox 1974;dimension of this ethos to predict OCB.Organ 1988). Typically employees are said to ‘go the extra
mile,’ do unpaid overtime or ‘stay until the job is done’.
Whatever the expressions we use, populist or not, Bolino
and Turnley (2003) state that such endeavors have been
characterized among scholars as organizational citizenship
behavior (OCB). Clearly such behaviors are of concern to
managers, and organizations, as they provide extra ‘value’
from employees. It is argued by Bolino et al. (2002) that
OCB contributes to performance through the creation of
social capital. This frequently results from the willingness
of employees to exceed their formal job requirements in
order to help each other, ‘‘…to subordinate their individual
interests for the good of the organization, and to take a
genuine interest in its activities and overall mission’’
(Bolino and Turnley 2003, p. 61). As such OCB is of
commercial value having been found to improve compet-
itiveness (Orr et al. 1989; Organ 1990, 1997) and promote
effective functioning of the organization through behavior
that managers want but cannot demand (Motowidlo 2000).
Any lessening of these behaviors is likely to impact orga-
nizational performance. Research that examines the rela-
tionship between OCB and organizational outcomes is of
interest to organizations, and to policy makers in the public
services. The literature demonstrates that there is a growing
awareness of the relationship between OCB and its
potential consequences especially as OCB can be consid-
ered a key asset that is difficult for organizations to imitate
(Podsakoff et al. 2009). For those working in the public
services, their behavior has been characterized as further-
ing a public service ethos that, in some sense, promotes the
public interest, over and above organizational and indi-
vidual interests. Indeed, the basis of public service ethos
goes beyond these characterizations to suggest that public
sector professionals are motivated to perform helping
behaviors due to an intrinsic value system that includes
IntroductionIt has long been recognized that individuals within orga-nizations work beyond their formal contracts (Fox 1974;dimension of this ethos to predict OCB.Organ 1988). Typically employees are said to ‘go the extramile,’ do unpaid overtime or ‘stay until the job is done’.Whatever the expressions we use, populist or not, Bolinoand Turnley (2003) state that such endeavors have beencharacterized among scholars as organizational citizenshipbehavior (OCB). Clearly such behaviors are of concern tomanagers, and organizations, as they provide extra ‘value’from employees. It is argued by Bolino et al. (2002) thatOCB contributes to performance through the creation ofsocial capital. This frequently results from the willingnessof employees to exceed their formal job requirements inorder to help each other, ‘‘…to subordinate their individualinterests for the good of the organization, and to take agenuine interest in its activities and overall mission’’(Bolino and Turnley 2003, p. 61). As such OCB is ofcommercial value having been found to improve compet-itiveness (Orr et al. 1989; Organ 1990, 1997) and promoteeffective functioning of the organization through behaviorthat managers want but cannot demand (Motowidlo 2000).Any lessening of these behaviors is likely to impact orga-nizational performance. Research that examines the rela-tionship between OCB and organizational outcomes is ofสนใจองค์กร และ ผู้กำหนดนโยบายในสาธารณะบริการ เอกสารแสดงว่า มีการเจริญเติบโตการรับรู้ของความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างบริษัทฯ และผลกระทบที่อาจเกิดขึ้นโดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งเป็นบริษัทฯ สามารถเป็น consid-ered สินทรัพย์สำคัญที่เป็น difficult สำหรับองค์กรในการเลียนแบบ(Podsakoff et al. 2009) สำหรับผู้ที่ทำงานในสาธารณะบริการ พฤติกรรมการโดดเด่นเป็นเพิ่มเติม-ing ร๊อคบริการสาธารณะที่ ใน ส่งเสริมการสาธารณประโยชน์ เหนือจากองค์กรและาร็สนใจ vidual จริง พื้นฐานของบริการสาธารณะร๊อคเกินกว่าที่ characterizations เหล่านี้เพื่อแนะนำประชาชนที่ผู้เชี่ยวชาญภาคมีแรงจูงใจการช่วยเหลือลักษณะการทำงานเนื่องจากระบบมีมูลค่าที่แท้จริงที่มี
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