encing one of the worst droughts observed in the region
in the last 200 years. The consequences of drought have
been far reaching both for human consumptive uses and
for aquatic ecosystems, and serve to highlight several
important aspects of the nature of droughts, their
ecological impacts, and how humans respond to them.
Running water ecosystems are the dominant form of
freshwater ecosystem in Australia, yet, despite the high
frequency of drought we lack a basic understanding of
the consequences of long-term droughts (as distinct
from seasonal droughts) as an ecosystem disturbance,
and more is known about drought effects on flowing
than on standing waters. Drought is well defined and
characterised meteorologically, but hydrologically its
characterisation is equivocal. While drought severely
impacts natural aquatic ecosystems, its effects have
been and are exacerbated by direct and indirect anthropogenic
modifications to streams and their catchments.
In streams the major impacts are the loss of water and
habitat availability, and the reduction, if not severing, of
connectivity (lateral, longitudinal and vertical). Despite
the relative frequency of drought in Australia we have
failed to develop long-term management strategies
capable of contending with droughts and their impacts,
particularly in catchments where human disturbances
have reduced the natural resistance and resilience of
aquatic ecosystems, and where the demand for consumptive
water use is high and rising. Here, we provide a
commentary on drought and its implications for the
management of freshwater ecosystems. We begin with a
general discussion of drought and its impacts on streams
and rivers before discussing some of the more specific
management issues and response strategies that have
arisen in response to the current drought in Australia.
Throughout we consider global as well as local examples.
We conclude by highlighting important knowledge
gaps and by providing some general principles for better
incorporating droughts and their impacts into river
management strategies.
encing one of the worst droughts observed in the regionin the last 200 years. The consequences of drought havebeen far reaching both for human consumptive uses andfor aquatic ecosystems, and serve to highlight severalimportant aspects of the nature of droughts, theirecological impacts, and how humans respond to them.Running water ecosystems are the dominant form offreshwater ecosystem in Australia, yet, despite the highfrequency of drought we lack a basic understanding ofthe consequences of long-term droughts (as distinctfrom seasonal droughts) as an ecosystem disturbance,and more is known about drought effects on flowingthan on standing waters. Drought is well defined andcharacterised meteorologically, but hydrologically itscharacterisation is equivocal. While drought severelyimpacts natural aquatic ecosystems, its effects havebeen and are exacerbated by direct and indirect anthropogenicmodifications to streams and their catchments.In streams the major impacts are the loss of water andhabitat availability, and the reduction, if not severing, ofconnectivity (lateral, longitudinal and vertical). Despitethe relative frequency of drought in Australia we havefailed to develop long-term management strategiescapable of contending with droughts and their impacts,particularly in catchments where human disturbanceshave reduced the natural resistance and resilience ofaquatic ecosystems, and where the demand for consumptiveใช้น้ำได้สูง และเพิ่มขึ้น มีการความเห็นเกี่ยวกับภัยแล้งและผลกระทบของการการจัดการระบบนิเวศน้ำจืด เราเริ่มต้นด้วยการสนทนาทั่วไปแล้งและส่งผลกระทบต่อของกระแสข้อมูลและแม่น้ำก่อนที่จะคุยบางมากปัญหาการจัดการและกลยุทธ์การตอบสนองที่มีเกิดขึ้นในฤดูแล้งปัจจุบันในออสเตรเลียตลอดเราพิจารณาส่วนกลางและท้องถิ่นอย่างเราสรุป โดยเน้นความรู้ที่สำคัญช่องว่าง และให้โดยหลักการทั่วไปบางอย่างดีกว่าเพจ droughts และผลกระทบของพวกเขาลงในแม่น้ำกลยุทธ์การจัดการ
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