Assessment measures
The protocol required participants to visit
the diabetes center twice during the
study, for baseline and end-of-study assessments.
Participants were asked to use
a memory blood glucose meter (LifeScan
Profile; LifeScan, Milpitas, California) and
phone modem to send blood glucose results
to a data center (Enact, Mountain
View, California) for the duration of the
study. These were distributed free of
charge to all participants. Patients’ blood
glucose data were used solely for outcome
assessment and not as an intervention.
Stage of change was assessed through
questions addressing intention to change
and current behavior, as described in Table
1. A specific action criterion was used
to drive the staging algorithms. Participants
were informed of this criterion before
intention was assessed. TTM
measures were developed using explor-