They identified apprenticeship, job instruction, job rotation, coaching as some of theon-the-job techniques. According to Drucker (1999) “the learning that takes place iscentered on the job”. The trainee uses the machines and tools that he will use once thetraining is completed. The learning takes place in surrounding with his futuresupervisors and peers and acquaints him with day-to-day operations.Ugwu and Onyeneje (2002) posits that in on-the-job methods, “the new employees areattached to experienced workers who teaches them about the skills that are related tothe demands of the job, they argued that in management and professional circles, thesenior men or women who take new employees “under their wings” are known as“mentors”Mello (2002) observed that on-the-job training makes it possible for the employee to be“trained under the exact working conditions in which he or she will be expected toperform”. He submitted that on-the-job may help to maximize transfer, but it isobviously not feasible for all jobs. He recommended that where it is not possible, “thedelivery of the training should then replicate exact working conditions as much aspossible”. Mello cited that:“Airline pilots do not learn to fly by going up in an airplane and being told what to do.Their training involves extensive exposure to simulated flight conditions on the ground,which tests their learning and ability to react to a variety of situations including crisissituations.”Arthur (1995) meticulously studied the on-the-job training methods and presented someadvantages and disadvantages of this methods.Advantages are:1. No special equipment is required2. The skills learned during the training are immediately transferable to the actual job3. The trainee can immediately practice what has been learned4. The trainee is likely to be highly motivated since he or she is working in an actualjob situation, as opposes to preparing for future employment.5. Any unusual or difficult situations that may be present on the job are also treatedduring the learning processDisadvantages are:1. Instructor must be highly skilled for training to be effective2. Since training takes place within a real work environment, a trainee’s slowness anderrors may disrupt productivity3. The one-to-one ratio required trainers and trainees is more expensive than aclassroom situation, where one trainer can teach numerous trainee simultaneously4. A great deal of time and space are generally needed.