The medium for microbial cultivation was prepared using anutrient rich solution containing: glucose, 50 (g/L); yeast extract,5 (g/L); (NH4)2SO4, 7.5 (g/L); MgSO4·7H2O, 0.75 (g/L); K2HPO4, 3.5(g/L); and CaCl2·2H2O, 1(g/L) at pH 5.5 ± 0.1. The medium (100 ml)was added to a 250 ml cotton plugged Erlenmeyer and autoclavedat 121◦C for 20 min. After cooling to room temperature, 25 ml of6 × 106spore/ml of M. hiemalis or a loop full of S. cerevisiae frompetri dishes was added for inoculation. The flask was incubated at32 ± 0.5◦C and 130 rpm for 24 h. The biomass was separated by cen-trifugation (4000 rpm for 20 min) under sterile conditions and usedfor SSF (Goshadrou et al., 2011).