Minnesota Living With Heart Failure questionnaire
The MLHF questionnaire is a disease-specific questionnaire
designed to measure quality of life in patients with heart
failure (Riegel et al., 2002). This questionnaire is scored
using a 5-point Likert scale and includes two subscales that
address the physical and emotional domains, respectively.
The questionnaire aims to reveal how patients feel about the
changes in life caused by heart failure and symptom treatment
during the past 1-month period. Each of the 21 questions in
the questionnaire is scored from 0 to 5, with the total score
range for the MLHF ranging from 0 to 105. Higher scores
correlate with poorer quality of life. The Cronbach’s alpha
coefficient was .88Y.93 for the originalMLHF and .87 for the
Chinese version used in the study.