An accelerating voltage of 15 kV was used to obtain the SEM images. The nucleation of apatite crystals after SBF treatment was analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) (ISIS 300 (Oxford)). For the mechanical testing, the loads for the compressive testing of the PVABG/ ChiCol dried cylindrical scaffolds (with 1.6 cm diameter and an average
height of around 1–1.2 cm) were obtained for a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min using a mechanical tester (Universal Testing Machine (Instron Model 55R4502)). The mechanical tests were performed under unconfined compression. The modulus of elasticity was defined as modulus of elasticity E = σ(t)/εoffset where σ(t) is the stress (force: N; area: m2; unit: Pa) and ε is the strain (deformation relative to the original sample length) at time t. The modulus of the scaffoldswasmeasured as the linear slope of the stress–strain curve and it iswellwithin a strain range of approximately 5–15% of the offset. Three duplicate specimens were prepared and analyzed for each sample (n= 3).