Alpha-Lipoic acid is a coenzyme for a group of enzymes (i.e. biological catalysts) responsible for the eventual conversion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins in to biological energy (i.e. adenosine triphosphate or ATP). This process takes place in a special cellular compartment called the mitochondria. Mitochondria are literally the fuel cells within each and every cell. Energy, produced by the terminal oxidation (burning) of the metabolic intermediates, is stored in the form of ATP and is readily available to meet the energy needs of the cell.
Alpha-Lipoic acid possesses potent antioxidant activity in both the lipid and aqueous phases in our body. It is a unique antioxidant in that its antioxidant activity extends to both its oxidized form and the reduced form. Naturally, the reduced form dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) is more powerful than lipoic acid. The antioxidant activity of lipoic acid relates to scavenging reactive oxygen species and chelating metals, whereas DHLA can, in addition, regenerate endogenous antioxidants such vitamin C, vitamin E and glutathione, and also repair oxidative damage. Most of the therapeutic effects of lipoic acid are attributable to its antioxidant properties (Packer et al, 1995). The ranking of an antioxidant is dependent upon its redox potential, i.e. its ability to be oxidized and reduced. The redox potential of lipoic acid is higher than that of vitamin C or glutathione, thus making it a very potent antioxidant. We could also call lipoic acid a "broad spectrum" antioxidant because of its activity in both the aqueous and lipid phases.
Alpha-Lipoic acid is a coenzyme for a group of enzymes (i.e. biological catalysts) responsible for the eventual conversion of fats, carbohydrates and proteins in to biological energy (i.e. adenosine triphosphate or ATP). This process takes place in a special cellular compartment called the mitochondria. Mitochondria are literally the fuel cells within each and every cell. Energy, produced by the terminal oxidation (burning) of the metabolic intermediates, is stored in the form of ATP and is readily available to meet the energy needs of the cell.Alpha-Lipoic acid possesses potent antioxidant activity in both the lipid and aqueous phases in our body. It is a unique antioxidant in that its antioxidant activity extends to both its oxidized form and the reduced form. Naturally, the reduced form dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) is more powerful than lipoic acid. The antioxidant activity of lipoic acid relates to scavenging reactive oxygen species and chelating metals, whereas DHLA can, in addition, regenerate endogenous antioxidants such vitamin C, vitamin E and glutathione, and also repair oxidative damage. Most of the therapeutic effects of lipoic acid are attributable to its antioxidant properties (Packer et al, 1995). The ranking of an antioxidant is dependent upon its redox potential, i.e. its ability to be oxidized and reduced. The redox potential of lipoic acid is higher than that of vitamin C or glutathione, thus making it a very potent antioxidant. We could also call lipoic acid a "broad spectrum" antioxidant because of its activity in both the aqueous and lipid phases.
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