Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is an important tropical fruit in the world. In the twenty-first century, global papaya pro-
duction is more than 6.0 million tons per year [1]. In addition, the digestive enzyme papain extracted from papaya is an important industrial ingredient in pharma-ceuticals, beauty products, and cosmetics, and is used in brewing and meat tenderizing processes. Several pathogens and pests cause significant losses in papaya production, and the most ubiquitous and widespread one is papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), a member of the genus Potyvirus (family Potyviridae). Infections of papaya by PRSV result in mosaic, chlorosis, and distortion of leaves, and water-soaked streaking on the petiole and upper part of the trunk.
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is an important tropical fruit in the world. In the twenty-first century, global papaya pro-duction is more than 6.0 million tons per year [1]. In addition, the digestive enzyme papain extracted from papaya is an important industrial ingredient in pharma-ceuticals, beauty products, and cosmetics, and is used in brewing and meat tenderizing processes. Several pathogens and pests cause significant losses in papaya production, and the most ubiquitous and widespread one is papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), a member of the genus Potyvirus (family Potyviridae). Infections of papaya by PRSV result in mosaic, chlorosis, and distortion of leaves, and water-soaked streaking on the petiole and upper part of the trunk.
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