Although there are different ways to deliver linked learning, ever linked learning pathway must offer students a comprehensive, multiyear program of study consisting of four components : (1) academic core courses in England social studies, science, mathematics, world language, and art that emphasize real-world application in the industry that is the pathway’s theme; (2) a cluster of three or more technical courses that deliver challenging technical knowledge and skill (and, where appropriate, enable students to obtain a formal industry certification) ; (3) work-based learning that gives students a chance to interact and solve real-world problems with working adults ; and (4) personalized student supports that include college and career counseling and supple-mental instruction in reading, writing, and mathematics.