Skepticism has long been recognized as occupying a central role in science. Wivagg (1988) calls skepticism "the essence of science." Winstanley (2000) argued that skepticism is essential in both science and in intelligent policy-making in the public interest. Carl Sagan, in a 1995 article in the Skeptical Inquirer also made the case for the need for skepticism in both science and policy-making. He called for ". . . the most uncompromising skepticism, because the vast majority of ideas are simply wrong, and the only way you can distinguish the right from the wrong, the wheat from the chaff, is by critical experiment and analysis" (p. 30).