Pedagogy science states that such accounts can be met especially well through a holistic constructivist approach (Weinert 2003, Knoll 1993, Reich 2008). One method of which is learning in interdisciplinary projects (Dewey 1913). In constructivism, learning is a process of individually self-organising knowledge. The process of learning is unpredictable, and knowledge constantly altered through new insights, which are gained through individual experiences (Reich 2008, Kolb 1984). As opposed to realism, in which the learner is regarded as an independent observer of objects. In contrast, constructivism integrates the learner within his own observations in a cycle of creation and observation. An interactive relation between the observer and the observed arises (for an easier understanding see figure 1). The educationalist and philosopher John Dewey regarded the interaction between the subject and the world with all its complexity as essential for gaining knowledge. Dewey’s understanding identified learning as a multi-facetted process of structured interaction of humans with their natural and social environment. These interactions produce experiences which modify further interaction. “There is no me without us“ (Dewey 1931:91). Perception and knowledge is only developed in relation to and through interaction with the object and its context. Therefore, learning in the constructivist perspective is a process of constantly adapting to situations, which consist of ever-changing relations between subject, object and context. However, constructivism is neither a method nor a universal model, and it does not provide concrete didactic indications for the teacher to implement.
In contrast to constructivist beliefs, education today is centered around specific disciplines and isolated subjects, which is the result of breaking down a complex real-life phenomena into little parts. Small information parts are thought to be easier to absorb for the student. Concentrating on one aspect of phenomena and distributing knowledge rather isolated from its complexity