The Natural Products, Chemical Biology, and Food Chemistry topic of the Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Engineering (CMSE) module is built on the extraordinary basis provided by Comprehensive Natural Products Series I and II published in 1999 and 2010, respectively, together with the more chemical sections of the material presented originally in the 2007 Comprehensive Glycoscience set of volumes. It also includes the discipline of food chemistry. As chemical synthesis is covered in the Organic Methodology and Organic Synthesis module of CMSE it is not generally covered here, with the exception of oligosaccharide synthesis, peptide synthesis, and nucleotide synthesis. Natural Products chemistry also has much overlap with medicinal chemistry; articles written from the natural products perspective of drug discovery can be found in this module, whereas more extensive coverage of medicinal chemistry approaches to specific therapeutic targets can be found in the companion module on Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry.